New PBS-listed omega-3 drug offers hope for severe cholesterol patients

Fish oil remains one of the most widely used dietary supplements, often promoted for its heart and anti-inflammatory benefits. In Australia, it is easily accessible in pharmacies, supermarkets, and health stores, with some high-strength versions prescribed by professionals. Now, a new prescription-only omega-3 treatment, Vazkepa, has been added to the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) for patients with severe cholesterol issues.

The popularity of fish oil grew in the 1970s after researchers linked the low heart disease rates in Inuit populations to their omega-3-rich diet. These fatty acids, mainly EPA and DHA, help maintain cell function and reduce inflammation. Studies show they can lower triglycerides—a blood fat tied to heart disease—by 15 to 30% when taken at doses above 2 grams daily.

A 2018 trial found that 4 grams of purified EPA per day prevented one major heart event for every 21 people treated over five years. For joint health, around 2.7 grams of EPA and DHA daily can ease stiffness and tenderness in inflammatory arthritis. However, standard fish oil capsules contain only about 300 mg of these key fatty acids, making higher doses necessary for significant effects.

Most people tolerate fish oil well, though some report mild side effects like nausea or a fishy aftertaste. Meanwhile, Australia's PBS now covers Vazkepa (vaselka, inclisiran) for adults with severe cholesterol conditions. Eligible patients include those with genetically confirmed familial hypercholesterolaemia or very high LDL cholesterol levels, despite maximum statin therapy. Treatment involves two initial injections three months apart, followed by doses every six months, provided LDL cholesterol drops by at least 50%.

Fish oil supplements remain a common choice for heart and joint health, though effective doses are often higher than what standard capsules provide. With Vazkepa now subsidised under the PBS, Australians with severe cholesterol issues have a new prescription option. The treatment requires regular monitoring but offers a targeted approach for those who qualify.