Bears aren't strict carnivores—new study rewrites their dietary instincts

A new study challenges the idea that bears are true carnivores. It reveals they thrive as omnivores, with diets shaped by instinct and nutritional needs. Researchers are now using these findings to improve how bears in captivity are fed. The study found that grizzly bears gain the most weight on a balanced diet of protein, fat, and carbohydrates. This supports the view that they are not strict meat-eaters but adaptable omnivores.

Giant pandas demonstrate a clear preference for carbohydrate-rich bamboo stalks over protein-heavy leaves. Their diet aligns with a low-protein, high-carbohydrate approach. Sloth bears, on the other hand, favour fat-rich foods like avocados when given the choice.

In captivity, sloth bears often die up to 20 years earlier than wild ones. Poor diets, including excessive protein, are linked to health problems and shorter lifespans. Bears naturally select foods that optimise their fitness, but inappropriate feeding can harm them. The research highlights the importance of tailoring diets to each bear species' natural preferences. Proper nutrition could extend the lives of bears in human care. It also confirms that omnivorous diets best support their health and longevity.