How Wild Animals Secretly Help Fight Climate Change and Store Carbon

Wild animals play a far greater role in fighting climate change than previously recognised. New findings show their presence boosts carbon storage in forests, oceans and grasslands. Now, global conservation bodies are pushing for stronger protections to harness this natural solution.

Forests in the Congo Basin with elephants store roughly 7% more carbon than those without. These large animals disperse seeds, helping tropical forests absorb up to four times more carbon. Their movement also prevents overgrowth and reduces wildfire risks.

In coastal waters, sea otters increase carbon capture in kelp forests by as much as 12 times. By controlling sea urchin populations, they allow kelp to thrive, locking away more CO₂. Cetaceans, too, fertilise phytoplankton blooms, which absorb vast amounts of carbon from the atmosphere.

The scientific consensus has grown stronger in recent years. The IPCC's Sixth Assessment Report confirmed that losing local species weakens ecosystems and reduces their climate resilience. Meanwhile, the International Whaling Commission highlighted how whales support ocean health, benefiting both nature and human communities.

Policy shifts are now following the science. At COP16, the Convention on Biological Diversity stressed the need to restore animal populations for climate mitigation. The Convention on Migratory Species also urged governments to include migratory animals in climate and biodiversity plans. Then, on 10 October 2025, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) adopted a resolution calling for wild animals to be formally recognised as a climate solution. The measure directs the IUCN Director General to push for their inclusion in UN climate negotiations.

The push to protect wildlife is gaining momentum as evidence of their climate benefits grows. Elephants, otters, whales and other species now stand at the centre of efforts to strengthen ecosystems and cut emissions. With conservation bodies backing their role, policies may soon reflect their importance in global climate strategies.